Understanding Long COVID and Cognitive Decline in Senior Living

Angie Szumlinski
|
March 18, 2025
Elderly man with hand on head.

Long COVID is a condition following an acute infection of COVID-19, with symptoms lasting a few weeks to several months. Its effects vary from person to person, and there are more than 200 reported symptoms. Common symptoms include extreme fatigue, memory problems or “brain fog,” lightheadedness, and smell or taste impairment.

To better understand the connection between long COVID, potential cognitive impairment, and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, the Alzheimer’s Association gathered top scientists from around the globe to study the effects of long COVID on the brain. Highlights from their most recent study found that COVID-19 can have a profound and lasting impact on the brain, particularly in older adults. “Our findings emphasize the need to prioritize brain health in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic,” said Gabriel A. de Erausquin, MD, PhD, MSc, Zachry Foundation Distinguished Professor of Neurology.

COVID-19 is still present, changing its presentation and look every few months; however, the effects of COVID-19 haven’t changed. If you have residents who have had a COVID-19 infection in the recent past, it might be a good idea to keep an eye on them. Watching for subtle changes such as “brain fog,” decline in activity pursuits, loss of taste and smell with subsequent weight loss and/or dehydration is important. It is worth reviewing the study and talking with your medical director and healthcare providers. Although there may not be a cure for long COVID, we might be able to assist residents with managing their symptoms and preventing negative outcomes!

Stay well and stay informed!

For more information, click the following links:

Long COVID and the brain: Global study links infection to memory loss, higher dementia risk in seniors – UT Health San Antonio

The chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID‐19: The need for a prospective study of viral impact on brain functioning – Erausquin – 2021 – Alzheimer’s & Dementia – Wiley Online Library

Chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2: Protocol and methods from the Alzheimer’s Association Global Consortium – Erausquin – 2022 – Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions – Wiley Online Library